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(Funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the National Institute of Standards and Technology)
The fractional quantum Hall effect arises when electrons in two-dimensional materials are subject to a strong perpendicular magnetic field at very low temperatures. Researchers from George Mason University, Brown University, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology have shown that fractional quantum Hall states could be better detected using thermopower measurements than with conventional electrical resistivity. (Thermopower is an electrical voltage generated when charge carriers move from the hot side to the cold side of a conducting or semiconducting material.) The researchers performed thermopower measurements on bilayer graphene and observed new fractional quantum Hall states, which had not been previously reported.
