More then 100 industry experts, scientists, and engineers met on June 5-6, 2007 at the Nanomanufacturing for Energy Efficiency Workshop to identify nanomanufacturing research, development and demonstration (RD&D) needs and business initiatives that, if implemented, will lead to sizeable energy reductions and increased productivity in the industrial sector in the next 5 to 10 years. The following crosscutting manufacturing areas were identified as target applications:

• Catalysis – lower temperature reactions and reduction of byproducts
• Coatings – low-friction, low-drag, and selflubricating surfaces
• Light-weighting – reduced rotating, sliding, and conveying weights
• Material modification – ultra-hard, wear-resistant, and enhanced properties
• Separations – alternative to distillation and evaporative processes
• Thermal management – superior heat transfer fluids, low conductivity barriers
• Thin films – thermoelectric heat recovery, energy storage